The selection of material used to manufacture the gears depends upon the conditions like strength, noise and resistance to wear. The gears are manufactured from metallic as well as from non-metallic material. The metallic materials means steel, cast iron, bronze and brass etc. While non-metallic materials include hard wood, raw-hide, compress paper, synthetic resins and nylon etc.
Metallic gears are used to transmit heavy torque while non-metallic gears are used for low and medium power transmission and specially to reduce noise as in case of plain paper photo copier.
The cast iron is most widely used to manufacture gears due to its easy machining, better resistance to wear and ease of producing complex shapes by casting method. The cast iron cut gears are used where smooth action is not important. The phosphor bronze is widely used foe worm gears to reduce wear of the worm.
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