A shaft is a rotating machine element which is used to transmit power for one place to another by means of couplings, pulleys and gears etc.
The shafts are usually of solid cylindrical sections but in some case hollow cylindrical shafts are also used.
The shaft may be classified as;
(a) Transmission shaft.
(b) Machine shaft.
(c) Spindle.
(a) Transmission shaft
These shaft transmits power between the source and power absorbing place for example line shafts and over head shafts.
(b) Machine shaft
A machine shaft is an integral part of the machine itself for example crank shaft.
(c) Spindle
It is short rotation shaft which imparts motion to the cutter or work, for example spindle of drilling machine which imparts motion to the cutting tool called twist drill and spindle of lathe machine which imparts motion to the work through some work holding device.
MATERIAL FOR SHAFTS:-
The material used for ordinary shafts is mild steel. When ever high strength is required, alloy steels such as Nickel, Nickel chromium and chrome vanadium steel is used.
The shafts of larger diameter are forged and turned to size.
Generally the shafts o f moderate diameters are made by hot rolling and finished to size by cold drawing. turning or grinding.
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